Round living room in Cummins House Glenelg South Australia . House built in 1842 this rounded room added in 1854. Note round sofa. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Round living room in Cummins House Glenelg South Australia . House built in 1842 this rounded room added in 1854. Note round sofa. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | John Morphett and ancestors. John Morphett was born in London in 1809 as the son of Nathaniel and Mary Morphett. His parents had married in 1806 in London. Nathaniel had his own law firm but came from a long line of land owners in Kent and Mary came from Cummins in Devon. John was educated in Plymouth and then a prestigious school in London. After his schooling he began work with a ship broker in 1825 at 16 years of age. At 21 years of age (1831) he left the shipping world of London to join his cousin in Alexandria Egypt. He worked for a maritime firm in Alexandria. Here he met Colonel William Light when he was in Egypt. Between 1831 and 1834 he learnt about Mediterranean climates and suitable agriculture for those climatic zones, such as olives, figs, tobacco, and rice. Crops he thought would thrive in SA. John Morphett arrived in September 1836. In 1838 he married the daughter of the Resident Commissioner James Hurtle Fisher. John and Elizabeth had eleven children: 1840 boy who died; 1840 Mary; 1841 Amy; 1843 Ada; 1844 John Cummins; 1846 Adelaide; 1849 George Cooper; 1850 Violet; 1852 Charles Edward; 1854 James Hurtle; 1855 Hurtle Willoughby and 1859 Marian. Of the Morphett boys James Hurtle, Charles Edward and Hurtle Willoughby never married. George died young and only John Cummins Morphett married. When John Morphett died in 1892 he was buried in West Terrace cemetery in a family vault. John Cummins Morphett 1844 to 1936 was a public servant from 1873 to 1918 rising to the position of the Clerk of State Parliament for many years. On his death in 1936 he was survived by one son and three daughters. His son George Cummins Morphett 1876 to 1963 established a property near Corowa on the Murray River but returned to SA and Woods Point in 1917 when his brother Arthur Morphett was killed on active service in France during World War One. On the death of George Cummins Morphett in 1963 he left one son to carry on the family name - Hurtle Cummins Morphett born in 1906 and died in 1992. John’s other son born in 1940 at Burra died as a baby. George Cummins Morphett( 1876 to 1963)’s daughters were Audrey Cummins Morphett 1902 to 1983 and Mary Cummins Morphett 1908 to 1970 and neither of these sisters married. Audrey Morphett was famous for her work with the Girl Guides Association. George Cummins Morphett’s son Hurtle Cummins Morphett received the Military Cross for his bravery during his World War Two service in New Guinea and North Africa. Hurtle Cummins Morphett had two sons and two daughters. Hurtle Cummins Morphett decided to sell Cummins House in 1976. Premier Don Dunstan bought the property for the government to ensure its preservation thus ending the occupation of it by generations of the Morphett family from 1842. Hurtle Cummins Morphett’s sons were John Cummins Morphett born in 1942 and George Cummins Morphett born in 1951. John Cummins Morphett never married but George Cummins Morphett born in 1951 had four young sons. The fine marble memorial to Sir John and Lady Morphett is in the St Peters Anglican Church in Torrens Square Glenelg. John Morphett’s brother George Morphett (1811-1893) also came to settle in South Australia. George Morphett arrived at Holdfast Bay in December 1840. He had a Land Grant order of one town acre located on South Terrace. By 1841 he had set up his legal practice and was sworn into the Bar of the Adelaide Supreme Court. He returned briefly to England and returned with his wife and three children in 1846 with one of the three being born on the voyage. Upon his return he also worked as a land seller and speculator especially for town blocks in the city square mile. He was a director of several companies and banks. He was a member of parliament 1860 to 1861. He returned permanently to England in 1860 resigning from parliament in 1861. Morphett Street and Whitmore Square. There is no better introduction to the role of John Morphett in our state and city than Morphett Street. Surveyor General William Light had total authority to select the site of the capital for the new province but his authority to name the streets was less clear. Governor Hindmarsh wanted to assume that power and said so publically but citizens and others were going to thwart the unpopular Governor in this matter. To defuse the situation Robert Gouger the Colonial Secretary called a special meeting for the purpose of naming the streets. The Street Naming Committee formed in mid 1837 included four non official members - John Morphett, John Barton Hack, Edward Stephens and Thomas Strangways to ensue Governor Hindmarsh did not control the decisions. Morphett had one of only three main north south streets named after him. (Frome Street, now the current third north south street did not go from North Terrace to South Terrace in Light’s original town plan.) This street had significance to Morphett as at the other end on the corner of North Terrace in Holy Trinity Anglican Church he married Elizabeth Fisher, the eldest daughter of the Resident Commissioner James Hurtle Fisher on 15th August 1838. Morphett Street dissects Whitmore Square but who was Whitmore? William Wolryche Whitmore was an aristocrat from Shropshire who favoured the interests of the poor and middle classes rather than the upper classes. He opposed the British Corn Laws which set high prices on corn and grain which advantaged the owners of large estates but disadvantaged the general populous. He was a reformer. He replaced Wilberforce in the Abolition of Slavery movement when Wilberforce retired; he was a politician elected to the House of Commons not just sitting by right in the House of Lords. He spoke out against injustice and he supported the ending of discrimination against Catholics. Although he never visited South Australia he supported the colony and as a friend of Robert Gouger he was made the Chairman of the South Australian Land Company when it was established in 1831. Its attempt to get the Colonial Office to establish a colony failed. It was followed by The South Australian Association in 1833 which also unsuccessfully lobbied for a new colony. Next William Whitmore addressed a public meeting in London in June 1834 to propose the idea of a colony in South Australia. John Morphett also addressed that meeting and declared “In my heart I am now a South Australian.” The meeting was a great success. The press supported it and a bill was introduced, by Whitmore to the House of Commons soon afterwards and it passed both houses and obtained Royal Assent on 15th August 1834. This Act included a dual system of government- a land company and a Colonial Office government through a Crown Governor. As a result of the 1834 Act the South Australian Company was founded in 1835 to raise loans to finance the new colony and to pre sell land - the Westminster SA Act required £80,000 to be raised in loans and £35,000 to be raised from land sales before the province could be proclaimed. George Fife Angas played a major role in selling land orders and encouraging colonisation to South Australia but so did young John Morphett too. He arranged 100 land orders. Morphett also has a major city road, suburb and country town named after him. John Morphett and Early South Australia. Morphett returned to England from Egypt in 1834 and worked as a land broker. He was soon involved in pre selling land or land orders for the proposed colony of South Australia. As a land agent he got a 5% commission through his father’s legal firm. The South Australian Company was formed on 15 October 1835. Morphett then began promoting land sales for the SA Company. To comply with the SA Act passed by the British Parliament in 1834 the SA Company had to raise £80,000 in loans and a further £35,000 in preliminary land sales to meet conditions set down in this legislation. Preliminary land sales soon reached £35,000. Those buying land through the preliminary sales generally got 134 acres for their £80 not 80 acres. John Morphett was a founding member of the Statistical Committee set up in November 1835 by a group of prospective settlers and investors who were alarmed at remarks made by Governor Hindmarsh that he would do as he pleased when he was Governor of the colony. They wanted to record all expenditure and activity in case it was needed to discipline Governor Hindmarsh. John Morphett was a passenger on the Cygnet which arrived at Nepean bay on Kangaroo Island on 11 Sept 1836 with the surveying party. Morphett immediately set about exploring Kangaroo Island. Colonel William Light and his surveyors left London after the Cygnet, a speedier boat which arrived earlier on 20 August 1836. Light did his first surveys around Nepean Bay. Morphett explored to Kingscote and found a group of American sealers growing vegetables at American River. The five SA Company vessels with settlers had arrived on Kangaroo Island earlier in July and August 1836. They were camped at Kingscote. On 11 October 1836 Morphett travelled with Colonel Light to Rapid Bay. Morphett wrote back to London urging land investors to buy up land or migrate to live in the almost English park like landscapes. In November 1836 Morphett and the official surveyors’ party explored the plains from Holdfast Bay when the Torrens River was discovered and when a suitable harbour at Port Adelaide was discovered. Morphett was the first to see the land he was soon going to sell to colonists. When disquiet erupted among the colonists in early 1837 over the site of the city of Adelaide, Governor Hindmarsh supported a site near the port; Colonel William Light who had the final responsibility for selecting the site remained committed to the eventual site of Adelaide. A public meeting was held for land purchasers to vote on the matter and John Morphett represented 115 of the 218 voters who favoured Light’s choice. So John Morphett had considerable influence on the siting of Adelaide by amassing support for Light’s location and not the favoured location of governor Hindmarsh. If the public vote had not supported Light’s choice he could have ignored the decision of the public meeting anyway. John Morphett was quick to purchase land for himself at Holdfast Bay in 1838 hence the naming of Morphettville and the Morphettville Race Course. In 1839 John Morphett supported the Special Surveys of 4,000 acres for £4,000 in an area selected by the buyers. Morphett took advantage of the them; firstly he took out 4,000 acres at Wellington on the Murray River which was largely untouched until his two sons developed Woods Point in 1880; he then enlarged this Special Survey with another of 2,000 acres along the Murray River to Murray Bridge; then he took out 1,000 acres of the Hutt River Special Survey with John Horrocks; he took out another full Special Survey of 4,000 acres called the Green Hills survey around the Ashbourne to Macclesfield districts; then he took out two adjoining Special Surveys totalling 9,000 acres on the Light River from Kapunda north to Waterloo on behalf of the Secondary Towns Association and its investors; and finally he bought the Upper Wakefield Special Survey of 4,000 acres from Auburn, Mintaro to Clare with Arthur Young. Morphett was buying land primarily to re sell it. The only land he appears to have held for a long time and developed was the land along the Murray River at Woods Point and Jervois. With the loss of the American colonies still in their minds the British parliament passed an Act in 1842 for Better Government in South Australia. To appease public dissatisfaction with the progress of the colony four non official members were nominated to the Legislative Council – they included John Morphett described as land salesman. Once copper was found at Kapunda in 1842 Morphett then took a great interest in investing in mining wherever minerals were found in South Australia. He became a director of the Adelaide Mining Company and other companies as they emerged. The British government then wanted to change the laws to extract royalties from any minerals found on Crown land. Morphett and 1,500 others objected to this proposal. Governor Robe acquiesced when Morphett walked out of a Legislative Council meeting thus leaving it with no quorum. Not long after Governor Robe left the colony. As a non-official member of the Legislative Council Morphett had shown he would support the interests of the general population (and his own) and not budge from opposing the Governor. From 1850 there was a new Legislative Council with two thirds of the members elected and with a speaker to preside over meetings not the Governor. John Morphett became the Speaker. Full self-government came in 1857 with a Constitution and full male franchise. John Morphett was one of the first elected members and Boyle Finniss the First Minister. In recognition of his service to the legislative processes John Morphett was knighted in 1870. John Morphett was not only a state politician until 1873 but also a member of many community organisations and committees. Among the committees he was a leader or member of were: the Protection of Aborigines; the South Australian Literary and Scientific Association, the Mechanics Institute, the Botanic Gardens Board, the Chamber of Commerce, the Agricultural and Horticultural Society, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, the South Australian Subscription Library, the South Australian Club, the South Australian Cricket Club etc. He was also a director of insurance and bank companies. He also had a strong interest in the scientific breeding of both cattle and sheep. Although he never saw himself as a pastoralist and he always lived at Cummins House he had investments in several large northern pastoral runs including Telowie, Baroota, and Mount Brown near Quorn. His main land holdings were those along the Murray River at Woods Point and Jervois. Morphett’s property at Holdfast Bay. Morphett’s Holdfast Bay property was acquired by a Land Order in May 1838 comprising section 152 of the Hundred of Adelaide. For his prepaid £81 he received 134 acres instead of the usual 80 acres. He had walked around the area so he chose his land carefully once the survey was done as the Sturt River flowed through it and nearby was the estuary of the River Torrens at the Patawalonga and the land was basically good alluvial soil from annual flooding. On the south his property was bounded by the Bay Road (Anzac Highway) which had the driveway to Cummins House and later a gate house (now demolished) on the corner of Bay Road and Morphett Road. As there was no bridge across the Sturt River John Morphett and several other Glenelg landowners in 1842 spent £45 on the first wooden bridge across the Sturt River on Bay Road. Gradually the Cummins estate of 134 acres was reduced in size. In 1873 the Glenelg Railway began a train service but that did not encroach upon Morphett’s land. Then in 1878 Sir John Morphett gave permission for the new Holdfast Bay Railway to cross his property when he sold some land to it and the Holdfast Bay Railway began operations in 1880. This was a private company railway not a government one. In 1882 both railways – Holdfast Bay and Glenelg amalgamated and in 1929 they ceased using the line near Cummins. Earlier in 1914 South Australia Railways had taken over the Glenelg Railway and in 1929 they gave the railway, by then electrified, to the Municipal Tramways Trust which operated the track as the Glenelg tramline. In 1919 John Cummins Morphett sold a further 25 acres near Bay Road for soldier settler housing and a reserve. A further 42 acres were sold to the Lutheran Church for Immanuel College in 1954 and in 1964 31 acres was subdivided for housing. So around 30 acres remained in 1976 when the property was sold to the SA government. Cummins House. Morphett’s Cummins House is one of the oldest residences in South Australia as it was built and occupied in 1840. It was named after John Morphett’s mother’s family farm in England. The original 12 rooms of Government House were occupied by Governor Gawler in 1840; Charles Sturt’s The Grange was also occupied in 1840; and George Strickland Kingston’s House at Marino was also built in 1840. The first part of Cummins House consisted of the dining room, the entrance hall, the master bedroom, the morning room and a guest room. It was built in red brick at a time when bricks were very expensive and difficult to obtain so Morphett had them made in a small kiln on his property with clay from the banks of the Sturt River. It was designed with a Mediterranean feel with the loggia off the dining room and the arched entrance porch (1854) and wooden louvres or shutters on windows etc. As was usual for those times servants would have been accommodated nearby and the kitchen would have been in a detached building. In 1854 substantial additions were made designed by George Kingston the SA surveyor and architect. The loggia was enclosed and converted to a grand sitting room with a fine rounded seating area and the extensive scullery, kitchens and servants quarters were built around the courtyard. Some of these 9 or 10 rooms would have been bedrooms for the Morphett children. Finally in 1906 an attached caretaker’s flat of three main room was added. The house had a cellar and bathrooms too. As with most grand houses there was a gate keeper’s Lodge (now demolished) at the gateway to the property on the corner of Morphett and Bay Road. Cummins always had a fine garden which included peaches, nectarines, grapes and extensive vegetable beds. The Morphett’s dammed part Sturt River to ensure a constant water supply to the house and garden. The last additions of 1906 were commissioned by John Cummins Morphett who was living in Cummins with his family by then as Lady Cummins died in 1905. John Cummins Morphett died in 1936 and Cummins House was then occupied by George Cummins Morphett until he died in 1963. Cummins then passed to George’s only son Hurtle Cummins Morphett who sold the property in 1977. Because of its location the Morphett family worshipped at St Peters Anglican Church Glenelg once it was founded in 1852. The architect was a local Glenelg resident Edward Wright. In 1881 the church was demolished and a new bigger grander church was built where the Morphett family continued to worship. Inside the 1881 church is a fine marble memorial to Sir John and Lady Morphett, installed by the family after the death of Lady Morphett in 1905. The Morphetts were well known in Glenelg and Sir John was partial to a daily morning swim in the ocean throughout the year. Cummins was bought the state government in 1977 and it is leased to the City of West Torrens and managed by the Cummins Society Incorporated. Morphettville Race Course. John Morphett was a devoted horseman and loved the sport of horse racing. He is reputed to have had the first two horses in the colony. They were essential at that time as the only other mode of transport was by foot. Morphett hosted the first horse race in South Australia in 1838 in conjunction with Colonel William Light, James Hurtle Fisher (his father-in-law) and Fisher’s son Charles ( C.B.) Fisher near Fisher’s Thebarton property. Eight hundred people attended the first race meeting on New Year’s Day 1838. The event was successful and was a catalyst for the formation of the South Australian Jockey Club. A second race meeting was held in August 1838 and following that a public meeting was held to establish the Turf Club of South Australia the forerunner of the SA Jockey Club. This Jockey Club was formed in 1856 and John Morphett served as a Steward for it in 1857 and became its Chairman in 1858. His horse named The President was the winner of a race in 1859 which rewarded Morphett with a six inch high gold cup. Morphett served as a Steward of the SA Jockey Club at various times up until 1881. In 1864 the first Adelaide Cup race meeting was held and in 1875 the Morphettville race course opened on section 135 although race meetings continued at Victoria Park race track. John Morphett had never owned this land of 160 acres as that land had been bought by Sir Thomas Elder in 1874. Elder leased it to the Jockey Club. Morphettville opened with a grand stand to seat 500 people. In later years when the Holdfast Bay Railway operated they ran trains of ten carriages every half hour on race days. Morphett bred thoroughbreds for racing and followed competitive racing for decades. He was known to ship his bloodstock to Victoria at times. When a neighbour at Glenelg offered Morphett the land on which the Old Gum tree stood Morphett suggested it be given to the Corporation of Glenelg which occurred. The land owner John hector donated the land in 1857 to the Glenelg Council. In 1887 a ceremony was held at the Old Gum Tree where the proclamation ceremony had been held 50 years previously. Attending were four people who had witnessed the 1836 Proclamation and they included Lady Morphett and Sir John Morphett. Morphett Property along the Murray River at Woods Point. This township is rather unique in SA as it was basically a private Morphett town. Sir John Morphett had taken out the Special Survey in 1839; he later bequeathed the Woods Point area to one of his sons who developed the town, and the property and became the “squire” of the district. He was Hurtle Morphett who died in 1938. (His name came from the marriage between a daughter of Hurtle Fisher and John Morphett.) The township was named after the first white resident of the district who ran a private ferry service across the Murray at this location. In the early 1840s the ferry crossings, by local boat operators, were at Edward’s crossing (now Murray Bridge), Thompson’s crossing (Swanport), Wood’s crossing (Woods Point) and Morphett’s crossing at Wellington. Jimmy Woods was an eccentric man who lived alone at this spot and ran the ferry for John Morphett who owned the land. John Morphett appears to have laid out the town with the names of members of his family in the early 1880s with streets names of Jean, Hurtle, Morphett, Arthur etc. Sixteen workers’ houses, a superintendent’s house and a manager’s house (Mr Baily) were all erected almost simultaneously at Woods Point plus another house nearer the river, perhaps for the pump house worker around 1890. They all still remain, except for one. The Woods Point property employed all these workers as John Morphett and his sons were early river flat irrigators, the second in South Australia after former Governor Sir William Jervois. Governor Jervois in 1880, a former British army engineer introduced the concept of irrigated river flats for lush pasture and dairy cattle at Jervois. Sir John Morphett began building levees at his Woods Point property in 1881 also enclosing his river flats for irrigation. During construction workers were paid 7 or 8 shillings a day. Once this happened the Woods Point station employed over 60 men and their families. Irrigated lucerne was grown on the flats for the dairy cattle and the acquired freehold land in the Hundred of Brinkley (declared in 1860) was used for sheep and wheat. By 1904 when an audit of all large freehold properties over 5,000 acres was undertaken by the government Hurtle Morphett had 13,750 acres at Woods Point.The Woods Point property was initially run as a grazing property until 1881. As Sir John Morphett’s sons reached adulthood, Charles Edward Morphett, John Cummins Morphett, James Hurtle Morphett and Hurtle Willoughby Morphett all had some involvement with Woods Point pastoral property. For most of his life John Morphett’s eldest son Hurtle Willoughby Morphett (1855 to 1938) ran the Woods Point property. He visited it in 1864 when he was 9 years of age. He lived there until he retired in 1928 when he moved to Murray Bridge. He never married and died in Murray Bridge in 1938 and was buried from his sister’s residence in East Terrace Adelaide. Upon his death the property was managed by another member of the Morphett family until they sold all properties at Woods Point. When old enough a nephew, Arthur Hurtle Morphett (1877 to 1916) whose father was John Cummins Morphett also worked on at Woods Point. Arthur Hurtle enlisted in the armed forces for World War One and he was killed on active service in France in late 1916. He was married and had a daughter Bessie born 1880, an infant daughter who died at 6 months in 1882 and another daughter Lucy born in 1883. In 1917 George Cummins Morphett (1876 to 1963) returned from his 3,500 acres property at Corowa in the Riverina to help manage Woods Point after the death of his brother Arthur Hurtle. By this time Woods Point was owned and run by H. W. Morphett and Co belonging to Hurtle Willoughby Morphett. He was the one, who in 1912 built at his cost a school at Woods Point which was financed by him until 1923 when it became an Education Department school. In the 1920s and 1930s Methodist Church services were held in the school. The school at Woods Point closed in 1972. From 1906 Hurtle Morphett employed Mr Percy Baily as his manager. In the early 1920s Percy Bailey was in charge of eight Barwell Boys serving a three year indenture as farm labourers from England. They boys had to be between 15 and 18 years when they left England. The school at Woods Point closed in 1972. In 1929 a newspaper report stated that Hurtle Willoughby Morphett had 1,000 acres of irrigated lucerne and other grasses at Woods Point, a dairy herd of 400 cows ( a lot for hand milking!) and around 100 employees. The well fed cows produced 800 gallons of a milk a year compared with the SA average of 400 gallons a year. He ran 15 sheep to the acre of the irrigated river flats for fattening them. The property had international and state visitors wanting to learn about irrigating the river flats. These visitors included the Department of Agriculture head, Agricultural Bureaus from around the district and high school boys learning about agriculture. The Governor of SA also visited the Woods Point property. It was seen as a model farm. Hurtle Morphett ran the property with his nephew George Cummins Morphett at that time. George was also the Chairman of the Adelaide Milk Supply Cooperative AMSCOL and he ran for the seat of Murray in state parliament in the 1930s. The irrigated river flats were also used by the Morphetts for growing onions and potatoes and for fattening lambs. When Hurtle Morphett retired in 1928 some surplus land totalling 6,200 acres was put up for sale. After Hurtle Willoughby Morphett died in 1938 the Woods Point estate was broken up into smaller farms and the town houses were sold. The end of the Morphett era at Woods Point was 1945 when 1,500 people attended the final sale of lands. Stock was cleared at a sale in September 1945. Photo above is Woods Point School.Adjoining Woods Point was the small settlement of Jervois. John Morphett took out this Special Survey in 1839 for the Secondary Towns Association. Most of those investors were in London and never visited SA. Small parcels of land were sold off for freehold farmlets. It was a tiny agricultural settlement far from the capital city but close to the Wellington. But things changed in 1881 when the Governor of the day, Sir William Jervois (1877-1883) purchased 3,300 acres of land for himself there. As a former engineer he set about draining the river flats, creating levees and developing irrigated lucerne pastures for dairy cattle. This was a first for SA. Apart from Woods Point Sir John Morphett was a pastoralist, often in partnership with Sir Samuel Davenport. The two of them took out leaseholds at Baroota near Port Pirie using Port Germein as the port to export their wool. They also took out leaseholds north of Port Augusta and around Wilmington at Mount Brown, Beautiful Valley and at Telowie near Baroota. Morphett and Davenport also held Caroona station in the 1870s at Iron Knob. John Morphett and mining and the Morphett Engine House Burra. Adjacent to Morphett’s engine house built in 1858 is Morphett’s pool and Morphett’s winding house all close to Morphett’s shaft. The engine house was built to contain a Cornish beam engine and the three storey engine house was built by Cornish stone masons. This mine was part of the South Australian Mining Association copper mine at Burra. The Association was formed in 1841 to search for minerals and John Morphett was its lawyer. In 1845 the Association shared a Mining Special Survey of 20,000 acres after copper was discovered at Burra. The Association picked the right section and had wealth giving mines; the Princes Royal Company had bad luck and never had successful finds. John Morphett was the original Chairman of the Association as mining sped ahead in Burra and he was the director of the Association from 1854 to 1861 when he had the Morphett engine house built. Dividends and extraction of copper declined after 1860 and the shafts, including Morphett’s closed in 1870. Morphett did not own the shaft but the copper from it was for the Association of which he was a director and presumably he received substantial profits from that shaft. Morphett’s winding house at left.Post Script Morphett Vale. Most of this district was surveyed in 1838 and land was then put up for auction in 1840 and by August of 1840 the first crops of potatoes and wheat were growing. One of the major purchasers was the South Australian Company. At this stage they were buying up land to rent or lease to farmers so this attracted farmers with little money to the district. They did not need £80 to buy a section of land. John Morphett was directly involved as an agent for the South Australian Company and as an early colonist with considerable wealth he bought up land all over South Australia. He bought land in this district for the SA Company and probably himself and hence it was named after him. A nearby district was named after the first General Manager of the South Australian Company David McLaren. The town of Cummins on Eyre Peninsula was named after a state politician William Cummins and has no links to the Morphett family. |
| 撮影日 | 2012-06-24 17:09:12 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | DSC-S950 , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.033 sec (1/30) |
| 開放F値 | f/2.5 |