Kawah Ijen, carrying sulphur down the mountain : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Kawah Ijen, carrying sulphur down the mountain / Arian Zwegers
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Kawah Ijen, carrying sulphur down the mountainThe Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes in East Java, Indonesia. The Ijen volcano has a one-kilometer-wide turquoise-colored acid crater lake. The lake is the site of a labor-intensive sulfur mining operation, in which sulfur-laden baskets are carried by hand from the crater floor. The work is paid well considering the cost of living in the area, but is very onerous. Workers earn around Rp 50,000 - 75,000 ($5.50-$8.30) per day and once out of the crater, still need to carry their loads of sulfur chunks about three kilometers to the nearby Pultuding Valley to get paid.Many other post-caldera cones and craters are located within the caldera or along its rim. The largest concentration of post-caldera cones run east-west across the southern side of the caldera. The active crater at Kawah Ijen has a diameter of 722 metres and a surface area of 0.41 square kilometres. It is 200 metres deep and has a volume of 36 cubic hectometres.The lake is recognised as the largest highly acidic crater lake in the world. In 2008, the pH of the water in the crater was measured to be 0.5 due to sulfuric acid.(source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijen) |
| 撮影日 | 2011-07-09 08:33:14 |
| 撮影者 | Arian Zwegers , Brussels, Belgium |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Jawa Timur, Indonesia 地図 |
| カメラ | Canon EOS 450D , Canon |
| 露出 | 0.033 sec (1/30) |
| 開放F値 | f/4.5 |
| 焦点距離 | 25 mm |