The Great Redoubt, Saratoga Battlefield, Saratoga National Historical Park, Stillwater, New York : 無料・フリー素材/写真
The Great Redoubt, Saratoga Battlefield, Saratoga National Historical Park, Stillwater, New York / Ken Lund
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-継承 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | The Great Redoubt was the strongest of the three hilltop forts built by the British along bluffs overlooking the river. It guarded their hospital, artillery park, Indian and American loyalist camps, food stocks, boats, refugees, and floating bridge. Burgoyne withdrew his army to this vicinity during the night of October 7.The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne led a large invasion army up the Champlain Valley from Canada, hoping to meet a similar force marching northward from New York City; the southern force never arrived, and Burgoyne was surrounded by American forces in upstate New York. Burgoyne fought two small battles to break out. They took place eighteen days apart on the same ground, 9 miles (14 km) south of Saratoga, New York. They both failed. Trapped by superior American forces, with no relief in sight, Burgoyne surrendered his entire army on October 17. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, "was a great turning point of the war, because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory.Burgoyne's strategy to divide New England from the southern colonies had started well, but slowed due to logistical problems. He won a small tactical victory over General Horatio Gates and the Continental Army in the September 19 Battle of Freeman's Farm at the cost of significant casualties. His gains were erased when he again attacked the Americans in the October 7 Battle of Bemis Heights and the Americans captured a portion of the British defenses. Burgoyne was therefore compelled to retreat, and his army was surrounded by the much larger American force at Saratoga, forcing him to surrender on October 17. News of Burgoyne's surrender was instrumental in formally bringing France into the war as an American ally, although it had previously given supplies, ammunition and guns, notably the de Valliere cannon, which played an important role in Saratoga. This battle also resulted in Spain joining France in the war against Britain.The first battle, on September 19, began when Burgoyne moved some of his troops in an attempt to flank the entrenched American position on Bemis Heights. Benedict Arnold, anticipating the maneuver, placed significant forces in his way. While Burgoyne did gain control of Freeman's Farm, it came at the cost of significant casualties. Skirmishing continued in the days following the battle, while Burgoyne waited in the hope that reinforcements would arrive from New York City. Militia forces continued to arrive, swelling the size of the American army. Disputes within the American camp led Gates to strip Arnold of his command.British General Sir Henry Clinton, moving up from New York City, attempted to divert American attention by capturing two forts in the Hudson River highlands on October 6, His efforts were too late to help Burgoyne. Burgoyne attacked Bemis Heights again on October 7 after it became apparent he would not receive relieving aid in time. In heavy fighting, marked by Arnold's spirited rallying of the American troops, Burgoyne's forces were thrown back to the positions they held before the September 19 battle and the Americans captured a portion of the entrenched British defenses.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Saratogaen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_... |
| 撮影日 | 2004-08-04 11:52:00 |
| 撮影者 | Ken Lund , Reno, Nevada, USA |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Bemis Heights, New York, United States 地図 |
| カメラ | Canon PowerShot A70 , Canon |
| 露出 | 0.013 sec (1/80) |
| 開放F値 | f/5.6 |
| 焦点距離 | 9846.153846 dpi |