The Drum - Parai : 無料・フリー素材/写真
The Drum - Parai / hoshi7
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | The typical 'parai' is a frame drum about 35 centimeters in diameter. It consists of a shallow ring of wood, covered on one side with a stretched cow hide that is glued to the wooden frame. Though the pic doesn't look even a bit like the description, this drum is also parai!!In Tamil, the word 'parai' means to 'speak' or to 'tell'. Local histories describe the parai as an ancient instrument performed in the courts of Sangam, Chola, and Pandiyan rulers. The drums were used to announce important messages and orders of the great Tamil Kings. Today the parai folk drum is associated with Dalit communities (formerly known as untouchables). Dalits are the lowest ranking members of the Hindu social order, outside the four classes of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras. The two best-known Dalit drumming castes are the Paraiyars (named after the parai drum) and the Telugu speaking Cakkiliyars. In addition to performing music at their own temple festivals and religious celebrations, Dalits for the last several centuries have provided inauspicious ritual services for higher castes, most notable drumming for funerals. Because of its association with death, Dalit drummers and the parai drum are considered both impure and degraded by upper castes. In recent years, some Dalit communities have reclaimed the parai with pride to become a symbol of Dalit cultural identity and social freedom.As an aural tradition, parai folk drumming does not have a codified system of written notation. Musicians learn through years of unconscious absorption, conscious listening, imitation, and practice. Drumming is also learned through the recitation of spoken syllables reminiscent of solkattu in Carnatic music . Each rhythm has a corresponding set of syllables. However, the correspondence of strokes to syllables is not absolutely fixed. A drummer's choice of syllables depends upon the specific combination or permutation of drum strokes, the speed at which they are played, and his own personal aesthetic and lineage. Unlike the Carnatic system, rhythmic syllables in the parai tradition are not recited in relationship to a tala cycle designated by prescribed hand gestures. |
| 撮影日 | 2011-02-18 17:03:21 |
| 撮影者 | hoshi7 |
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