Pinnaroo. The old Pinnaroo Railway Station.The railway reached Pinnaroo in 1906. Station built not long after that. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Pinnaroo. The old Pinnaroo Railway Station.The railway reached Pinnaroo in 1906. Station built not long after that. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Introduction and the Railway Lines to Pinnaroo and Nowhere (Peebinga). The Murray Mallee was the last major area of land surveyed and subdivided for agriculture in SA. It followed the opening up of the coastal districts of Eyre Peninsula in the 1880s. (Like the Murray Mallee much of Eyre Peninsula was opened up once the railways were built there between 1907-27.) The Murray Mallee was developed during a time of great belief in progress. After the financial crash of the 1929 Great Depression the optimism faded. The settlement of the Murray Mallee was assisted by the use of superphosphate fertiliser which made the land more useful than first thought, better methods to fell and clear the Mallee and the arrival of the railways to link the farms with the overseas market for their grains. The sandy soils, once considered unsuitable for agriculture proved to be more than suitable provided the meagre rainfall fell at the right time of the year to boost the crops. The Pinnaroo area was blessed with good fertile loamy soil. Life in the Murray Mallee was always tough and conditions harsh and bleak. But the farmers were able to eke a living from their crops and from the sale of their Mallee roots for firewood in Adelaide. Eudunda Farmers’ Cooperative was consequently very important to the development of the Murray Mallee. Eudunda Farmers branches were founded in Pinnaroo (1909), Loxton (1910), and Parilla (1911). Surveyor General George Goyder examined the area in 1893 (at age 67 years) on a horse back expedition. Although half the region was below his Goyder’s Line he found that 30% of the land was suitable for agricultural development but that the Mallee must be left on the tops of sandy ridges to stop erosion. He estimated 200,000 acres were suitable for cereal crops. Later in 1893 a group of state politicians, all travelling on horseback and camping in tents visited the Lameroo and Pinnaroo districts. They were not going to rely on “experts” they were going to assess the country themselves and make their own decisions about opening the region to settlement. Alas no such politicians exist these days! Only a handful of farming blocks were sold in 1895 with the first being occupied at Pinnaroo in 1899. A new act of parliament in 1903 authorised expenditure for a railway from Tailem Bend to Pinnaroo. It was to be a cheap line - second hand light rails and little ballast under the rails. 100,000 acres of land was to be developed near Pinnaroo and along the railway line. The line was finished in 1906 and most settlers began to arrive from 1904. The government was counting on the sale of Lameroo-Pinnaroo land to fund the railway construction, a novel approach to settlement in SA. Normally railways followed the settlers, not the other way around. Pinnaroo has 338 mm of rainfall and is within Goyder’s line but as you go north again to Paruna it has 290 mm and Loxton has 264 mm of rain annually. Apart from the rainfall the deciding factor in the settlement of the Murray Mallee was the arrival of the railway as this was still the era before motor transport. The first line was the 1906 line from Tailem Bend to Pinnaroo. Then in 1914 the railways built an almost parallel line to Peebinga which was known as the “railway line to nowhere.” You will see what people meant by that! The government also built north-south lines up the Mallee to Loxton (1912) and to Paruna, Meribah, Taplan and Paringa (Renmark) in 1914. The railways not only transported grain and fruit from the Riverland but they carried oaten hay back to Adelaide for the large number of horses still housed there in the 1920s, and supplies of Mallee roots for the cold Adelaide winter fires. There are no rivers or water courses in the Mallee border lands but the economic saviour of the region has been the development of the sub artesian basin from the early 1980s. This artesian basin is part of the Murray Darling water system with plentiful water at 70 to 90 metres underground. |
| 撮影日 | 2024-03-23 15:01:07 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | SM-A505YN , samsung |
| 露出 | 1/2604 sec |
| 開放F値 | f/1.7 |