Spatter cone erupting basalt lava (29 April 2021) (Geldingadalur Valley, Iceland) 15 - with collapse event : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Spatter cone erupting basalt lava (29 April 2021) (Geldingadalur Valley, Iceland) 15 - with collapse event / James St. John
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1 |
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| 説明 | (Web camera screen capture video clip taken on 29 April 2021)----------------------------------------------------------Iceland is a volcanic island in the North Atlantic Ocean between Britain and Greenland. It is situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, along which the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate separate and new oceanic crust forms. Seismicity in the area is due to subsurface magma movement from hotspot (mantle plume) activity, as well as seafloor spreading (= tectonic divergence). Magma reaching the surface results in volcanic eruptions. Some famous eruptions in Iceland include Laki (1783), Surtsey (1963-1967), Eldfell (1973), Hekla (1991, 2000), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), and Grimsvötn (2011).On 19 March 2021, a basaltic lava flow eruption started in the Geldingadalur Valley, next to the Fagradalsfjall Volcano in southwestern Iceland's Reykjanes Peninsula. This followed a swarm of about 50,000 earthquakes that occurred during the previous month. The eruption reportedly started as a fissure eruption - lava was spewed from an extensive crack in the ground. This evolved into a short chain of spatter cones, one of which ended up being larger than the others (= main cone). Subsequent activity resulted in a second sizable spatter cone that developed next to the main cone. Eruptive activity continued into April 2021. Both "original" spatter cones had diminished or ceased significant activity by late April 2021.On 5 April 2021, a new fissure eruption started nearby, close to Merardalir Valley (see: www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/51104474410 ). The fissure eruption rapidly evolved into a line of small spatter cones. On 13 April 2021, additional small spatter cones emerged between the Geldingadalur Valley examples and the near-Merardalir Valley examples.The active spatter cone seen here has apparently grown from one of the ~mid-April 2021 structures. In this clip, part of the crater rim collapses.Spatter cones are small to very small, steep-sided volcanic cones formed by the accumulation and solidification of blobs of lava that sputtered from a vent. They are usually basaltic in composition. |
| 撮影日 | 2021-04-29 19:14:52 |
| 撮影者 | James St. John |
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