Dunedin. The University of Otago the oldest university in New Zealand. Established 1871. Maxwell Bury a local architect designed this grand building which was completed in 1878. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Dunedin. The University of Otago the oldest university in New Zealand. Established 1871. Maxwell Bury a local architect designed this grand building which was completed in 1878. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | The Scottish City.Although Dunedin began as a strictly Scottish settlement hence the building of the First Church – a Presbyterian Church – it still remains a Scottish influenced city. The town street plan mimics the romantic layout of Edinburgh after which it was named. The city streetscapes have many solid stone buildings reminiscent of Edinburgh itself. In the 1850s over 12,000 Scots landed in Dunedin. But the gold rushes of 1861 near Dunedin and further inland in Otago diluted the Scottish influence but did not diminish the power of the Scots in the city. The diggers from England, Australia, Italy, France and Jewish communities of Europe flocked to the city. By the mid-1860s the city had Anglican, Methodist (1869), Congregational (1864), Baptist (1863) and other churches. It even had a synagogue, the first built in NZ in 1864. By 1865 Dunedin was the largest city in NZ. New suburbs with Scottish names were developed- St Kilda, Leith Valley, Kenmure, Shiel Hill, MacAndrew Bay etc. Its links with Scotland were difficult as Dunedin is the world’s furthest city from London and Edinburgh, even further than Invercargill. The early political leader of the city was Captain William Cargill who was the Superintendent of Otago Province and a member of parliament for Dunedin. He died in 1860 as the city’s Scottish influence was waning. Mount Cargill overlooks the city, there is a Cargill road intersection near his old house and there is also a fine stone memorial to William Cargill in Princes Street near the Octagon which was erected in 1864. Most of his children stayed on living in Dunedin or Christchurch. One son Edward became a business leader of Dunedin and called his mansion Cargill’s Castle but it is now in ruins. The Caledonian Society of Otago was formed in 1862 and the first Highlands Games were held that year too. Dunedin still has an annual Highland Games event. Dunedin tartan was registered in Scotland in 1988. The city prospered after the gold rushes and business boomed as the Art Gallery (1884), the first in NZ was established, the University of Otago (1869) was also the first university in NZ, the Otago Girls High School (1871) was the first public/state girls’ high school in the world etc. Dunedin was also one of the first cities in the world to have cable trams (1881), which were needed because of the steepness of some streets. William Hodgkins the “father of art” in NZ lived in Dunedin and he was the man who established the Art Gallery in 1884 but was also a well-known water colourist and one of the first to paint the Southern Alps and the Canterbury Plains. One of his daughters, Francis went on to become NZ’s best known artist and England’s too by the time of her death in 1947. Dunedin had the first daily newspaper in NZ and it was the first place in NZ to export frozen meat to England in 1881. But the city of firsts and the leading city of NZ was bypassed by Auckland in 1900 and has declined in economic but not cultural importance since. Many of the early NZ companies, which were founded in Dunedin, moved out or established bigger factories and branches in Auckland including Shacklock the iron foundry and implement maker who became Fisher and Paykel in Auckland, Kempthorne Prosser the fertiliser and drugs manufacturer, Fletcher Construction Company, Methven the tap makers, Mosgiel Woollen Mills etc. The stationers Coulls who also began in Dunedin later became Whitcoulls which still operates across NZ. Several insurance companies which had been founded in Dunedin also moved to Auckland and began national operations from there. Dunedin began to decline industrially but not culturally. The University is the largest single employer of the South Island and most, but not all, of its operations are based in Dunedin. Even exports of frozen meat and wool have declined in recent decades but NZ lamb is still well known in Britain. Today with a lively arts, music and literature scene, the university and with tourism Dunedin has slow but steady population growth again. It is considered a “nice” place to live and work because of its size, and its many charming Victorian buildings and houses. Dunedin has 218 buildings on the NZ Heritage Register. The city now has about 125,000 inhabitants many still with Scottish origins. Olveston House, 42 Royal Terrace. Admission to this beautiful mansion is $NZ 19.50 on a guided tour but the grounds and gardens are free. The house was built for a successful Dunedin businessman, David Theomin. He in arrived in Dunedin in 1879 and was part of the English Jewish community of Dunedin. He established the Dresden Piano Company at 29 Princes Street which soon had branches in five NZ cities. The Company name was changed to the Bristol Piano Company during World War One. He also invested in the Sawyers Bay tannery company in Dunedin which his son managed until his death in 1927. He was involved in many civic organisations including the Dunedin Art Gallery, Prisoners’ Aid Society, Chamber of Commerce, Dunedin Male Choir etc. In 1904 to 1906 he had a new house built on Royal Terrace which was designed by a London architect. Theomin died in 1933 and was survived by one daughter only, Dorothy who never married. She continued living at Olveston using it as a social centre for many organisations of which she was a member until just before her death in 1966. In her will she left Olveston to the City of Dunedin and the Dunedin Art Gallery who in turn created the Theomin Gallery Management Committee which still runs Olveston House. The house was built in the Jacobean style so popular with Scots although Theomin was not a Scot. Its 35 rooms are full of the furniture and collections of David Theomin who collected paintings by William and Francis Hodgkins, ceramics from around the world especially Japan etc. It is the art collection and contents which make this house so special and worth visiting. Theomin was wealthy and only had the best of objects and he employed craftsmen to build the house. It is Edwardian opulence at its best decorated with 240 paintings, antiques and dozens of objet d’art. University of Otago. This first university in NZ was established in 1869 opening with students in 1871. (The University of Adelaide began teaching in 1876). It began in a city building before transferring to the main tower building in 1878. The architect Maxwell Bury worked in conjunction with Mountford in Christchurch but he moved to Dunedin for a few years after he won a public competition for the design of the new university. Many of Bury’s other buildings have been demolished and this is his finest. From its early days it has had several residential colleges which has grown to 14 colleges now and today it has around 21,000 students in attendance. Apart from Dunedin it has a major medical school campus attached to Christchurch hospital in Canterbury. The medical school is still one of only two in NZ and it is the earliest being founded in 1875. It is the only university in NZ to provide dentistry education. The University employs almost 4,000 staff and is the major employer in Dunedin. It teaches science, medical science, arts, law, education (since 2007) and business. Around 10% of its students are Maori and Pacific Islanders. From its inception it taught law and Otago was the first university in Australasia to allow women to enrol in law degrees. Its first female student graduated in 1897. In terms of research and academic reputation it is the second university of NZ after the University of Auckland. Some of the most prestigious and gothic style boarding colleges are Knox College, Presbyterian founded in 1909, by the Botanic Gardens; Selwyn, the Anglican College established in 1893 on Cumberland Street by All Saints Anglican Church; and St Margaret’s College, Presbyterian founded in 1911 in Leith Street. If you walk around the campus you will find a group of buildings around the Clock Tower building all in a similar style. The Clock Tower building is the Registry; of the same dimensions and behind it is the Geology building; to the north of these are the professional houses; to the south of the Clock Tower are the Hall, the Staff Club, the Theatre and the School of Mines. This complex of Gothic buildings was completed in 1883. With corbels, towers, oriel windows and gables the style is often referred to as Scottish Baronial. No wonder Maxwell Bury’s design won the competition in such a Scottish city! The theatre and some other buildings were completed in 1914 with the last of the group finished in 1923.Look for the oriel widow and Gothic towers on the Hall (Marama Hall) which is a superb structure and the beautiful Archway Building. All these buildings were completed in Otago bluestone with white Oamaru limestone quoins. |
| 撮影日 | 2016-10-17 09:57:46 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
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| カメラ | DSC-HX30V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.008 sec (1/125) |
| 開放F値 | f/10.0 |