Goolwa. The Corio Hotel. Built in 1857 and opened for business in 1858. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Goolwa. The Corio Hotel. Built in 1857 and opened for business in 1858. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | Goolwa.The Currency Creek Special Survey was taken out in 1839 by the Currency Creek Association based in England. Locally it was taken out by their agent Robert Wright on behalf of about 30 men. The Currency Creek Association laid out a major town which they hoped would become the New Orleans of the South. It was after all on a good river, near a great lake and near the mouth of the might Murray River system just like the location of New Orleans at the mouth of the Mississippi in the USA. They named it after the local river- Currency Creek. They also laid out a much smaller port for the town which they called Goolwa. Currency Creek town covered 8 acres, Goolwa 2 acres. History would show they made the wrong decision as Goolwa prospered and Currency Creek withered! One of the early explorers of this region Young Hutchinson (who explored with Thomas Strangways) liked the area so much that he became a major landowner in Goolwa in 1856. Another explorer William Younghusband gave his name to the peninsula near the Murray Mouth. Although the town was laid out in 1840 sales were minimal until the Governor committed the state to developing Goolwa as a river port and Port Elliot as a coastal port for future riverboat trade up the Murray with a horse railway to connect the two. Work began on this £20,000 project in 1851. (An alternate plan to build a canal between the two at an estimated cost of £28,000 was not pursued by the government.) Apart from the Currency Creek Special Survey of 1839 the government also surveyed land along the proposed rail route to Port Elliot in 1849 making land available to buyers. The first land purchases in this region were made in 1849 at Middleton. But Governor Young’s dream of river trade up the Murray and a railway to Port Elliot were not generally popular. A newspaperman wrote in the SA Gazette and Mining Journal in 1851 “There is great difficulty in characterising Sir Henry Young's job "in terms polite". The Goolwa Railway, in the nostrils of the colonists, is odorous of assafoetida, and there are in their mouths, in common use, epithets reflecting upon his Excellency far more offensive than have ever yet appeared in print... Where are the produce, the population, the traffic of the Murray crowding the banks, and suffering for want of an outlet to a market? Why, a single bullock dray once a month will suffice to bring to Adelaide all its exportable produce for the next five years...” At Goolwa work proceeded and the government invested in the new port town with the construction of the Railway Superintendent’s house in 1852(first occupied in 1854) and the Goolwa wharf in 1852. But the town laid out by the Currency Creek Special Survey in 1840 was still almost non-existent. Its English names like Fenchurch Street and Liverpool Street are now located in North Goolwa. The government surveyed a government town in 1853 next to the Currency Creek Survey town. The first commercial building in the new government town was the Goolwa Hotel (oldest single storey part) built in 1853 and the two storey section was added in around 1865. In that year the Governor announced a prize of several thousand pounds for the first river boat to prove the Murray was navigable from Goolwa to Wentworth on the Darling. The Governor and his wife and party journeyed with Captain Cadell. Meantime Captain Randell of Mannum also set off about the same time and the two boats raced to Wentworth. The friend of the Governor - Cadell picked up the prize money and Randell received nothing. But this river boat expedition was so important to indicate a prosperous future and so Goolwa began to emerge as a small town with the main street named Cadell after the famous riverboat captain. Next to the government town “Little Scotland” was subdivided into town blocks in 1854. Sales of more town blocks continued in 1855 followed by more in 1856 and some of the first buildings included the bow fronted general store in the Main Street near the old horse tram museum, the first Post office 1857(now the Visitor Information Centre), the Police station and Courthouse 1859, the Customs House 1859, the former Australasian Hotel 1857(closed 1934) and the Corio Hotel also 1857. Land speculators could see a future for Goolwa by then and they also began to purchase blocks of land. The first residential stone cottages were erected around 1857. Goolwa prospered in the 1860s and 1870s when significant development occurred. One of the finest private buildings of this period from 1860 to 1880 was what is now known as Rose Eden House. This grand two storey Italianate house was built in 1876 with some wrought iron lacework and upper veranda. It was built for the town school headmaster Mr Phillip Hill who must have run a private school in the town as well as the government school, of which he was headmaster, as that school did not open until 1879. But Mr Hill was a headmaster from 1873 of the town school which became the state school after the passing of the 1785 Education Act. It is claimed that he accommodated school boarders in this large house so that they could attend the Goolwa government school from 1879. Hill left the town of Goolwa in 1884 and the property was sold by him in 1886 when it was known as Hygiene House. It changes hands several times before it was purchased by the SA government in 1913 as a residence for the headmaster of Goolwa Primary School. It served this purpose until sold by the Education Department in 1973. In 2005 it was restored and re-opened as luxury bed and breakfast accommodation with the new name of Rose Eden House. Other fine structures of this 1860 to 1890 era are:•Thomas Goode’s General Store next to the Goolwa Hotel was built in 1860 and then rebuilt in classical style in 1884. Thomas Goode was the first Post Master of Goolwa in 1857. •the former Bank of South Australia (1872). •the Holy Evangelist Anglican church was built in 1867, with the tower added in 1905. But the church was surrounded in controversy as the Governor gave a free land grant in 1855 for the church to be erected. •the town morgue behind the Courthouse 1883. •the first part of the Institute opened in 1878. That was the rear part of the current building in a very different style. The Town Hall (now the Alexandrina Council Chamber/Library) was added to the Institute in 1907 facing onto Cadell Street. It was later doubled in size when a matching room was added to the 1907 one.•the superb Gothic state school built in 1879. The first town school began in Goolwa in 1855. • the figurehead from the wreck of the Mozambique on the roof line of the Goolwa Hotel. The 403 ton barque Mozambique was built in 1832. It was wrecked off the Coorong in 1854 on a voyage from London to Melbourne. The 22 crew and 24 passengers were all saved but one died from the experience.•the magnificent ceiling paintings in the Corio Hotel dining room (The Great Yankee Doodle Tobacco mural•the original railway station(1872) now an opportunity shop beside public toilet block near the town rotunda. The railway station as moved to the Goolwa wharf after 1884 when steam trains started operating through to Adelaide. The old yards converted to a park, now the Soldiers’ Memorial Park as the rail yards moved to the Goolwa wharf where it is still located. •Highlands House in Goyder Street built in 1853. Probably the oldest residence in Goolwa still in use. The early churches of Goolwa apart from the Anglican Church include the Congregational Church built in 1859 and now a dental practice office but it was also used as a Catholic Church from 1896 to 1961, the Wesleyan Methodist Church built in 1861 with transepts added in 1881 and the Goolwa Church of Christ built in 1905. The Anglican Church was surrounded in some controversy as without any real authority Governor MacDonnell donated a town block to the Anglican Church in 1855. This was against state policy as it was favouring the Anglican Church as an established church. But the Premier of the day Boyle Finniss put some political spin on it and said the Governor had the right give away one of the government reserves in Goolwa. The local Congregational Minister Reverend Newland of Encounter Bay disputed this and rightly objected but to no avail. The newspapers were flooded with letters of objection. The fine stone Goolwa flourmill was totally demolished in the 1920s. Edward Dutton had a brewery at Goolwa for some years from 1864 to 1879. Shipbuilding as in river boats and repairs was a major industry in Goolwa but few of these structures remain as they were usually iron and timber and relatively temporary. One of the main companies repairing and building boats were the Goolwa Foundry and Iron Works and Abraham Graham’s Patent Slip and Iron Works established in 1864. Abraham Graham owned Graham’s Castle etc. Ten river barges or steamers were made at Goolwa between 1853 and 1859. Many more followed. Among the many paddle stammers built in Goolwa were the PS Industry (number two) in 1911, the government owned vessel named Prince Alfred (1867), the Canberra a diesel paddle steamer built late in 1912 and well known paddle steamers such as the Eureka, the Goolwa, the Avoca, the Darling, the Wentworth, the Queen, the Miriam, the Express, the Princess Royal, the Cadell, the Victor, the Kookaburra, the Renmark, etc. Around 60 paddle steamers and barges were constructed in Goolwa with the last completed in 1912. As the ship building industry collapsed in the late 1880s much of the foundry equipment was sold to the Chaffey Brothers at Renmark for their irrigation works and boiler pumps. |
| 撮影日 | 2016-07-17 11:21:58 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
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| カメラ | DSC-HX30V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.003 sec (1/320) |
| 開放F値 | f/10.0 |