John Flynn Museum Cloncurry. Founder of the Royal Flying Doctor Service. Note carpet. A design of surrounding countryside. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
John Flynn Museum Cloncurry. Founder of the Royal Flying Doctor Service. Note carpet. A design of surrounding countryside. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | Cloncurry Overview.Like Mt Isa this area was occupied by pastoralists in the 1860s and 1870s. The local aboriginal people did not give up their lands without a fight but the Europeans won, of course. One of those successful Europeans was Ernest Henry who went prospecting near Cloncurry in 1866. First of all he found some iron ore, then in 1867 a major copper lode. Later in the year he found a gold deposit. A temporary settlement of miners emerged but it took some years before the township of Cloncurry was established. It was a long way from the coast and civilisation of Townsville.Like many early miners Ernest Henry found that he could make more from land development than from his mining leases. He opened a store in Cloncurry in 1876, followed by a hotel and then he had a whole township surveyed and offered for sale. Cloncurry was emerging. Mining in the district had received a boost when the big copper mine at Burra in SA closed in 1877. Cornish miners came to Cloncurry and a copper smelter was started up. The gold finds were spasmodic and small but the copper found at Cloncurry was plentiful and of reasonable quality. Another bigger find was made in 1880 just west of Cloncurry and a further major find was made in 1884. (More gold was discovered at the Bower Bird goldfields in 1893 and produced gold for some years. A gold battery to extract the gold from the ore was built on the goldfields and it operated from some years until around 1910.) By the mid 1880s Cloncurry was a major town with a telegraph station, a post office, its own local newspaper, a hospital, a school and most of the amenities of an outback town. It was during this era that many Chinese miners worked on the Cloncurry fields before federation and the introduction of the White Australia Policy in 1904. In the early 1900s the population grew much bigger as the town reached over a thousand inhabitants and the first churches were built- the Catholic and Anglican churches. The big stimulus for this development was the arrival of the railway line from Townsville in 1907. Cloncurry was the original railhead but the line was later extended south to the town of Duchess and then in 1929 to Mt Isa. By 1918 Cloncurry was the biggest copper mine in Australia with four smelters but this soon changed when the international price for copper slumped after World War One. Copper fell from £136 per ton during the War to £75 per ton after the War. The big copper mine at Moonta closed in 1922 and Cloncurry followed soon after that. But it was a big enough town to survive and this was helped by the later discovery of lead and copper at Mt Isa which it administered, and the building of the town aerodrome in 1919. Cloncurry was on the original 1921 Qantas postal air route from Charleville and in 1928 Cloncurry became the headquarters of the Australian Inland Mission’s flying doctor service. This service and the 1950s mine at nearby Mary Kathleen for uranium kept the town going through the lean years. By the end of the 1950s Cloncurry had doubled its early 1900s population to 2,500 people. Today it has around 2,000 people but that is growing as new mines are being developed in the district. Cloncurry Heritage Buildings and Sites. Cemetery. Cloncurry has a Chinese cemetery and in the main town cemetery the ashes of Dame Mary Gilmour who was buried beside her husband William Gilmour in 1962. Mary never lived in Cloncurry but her husband did for many years. She lived in Sydney and they appeared to be separated. Mary had a colourful life, she probably had an affair with Henry Lawson in the 1890s, she sailed off to Paraguay with William Lane to found a utopian communist society in 1895 and whilst there she married William Gilmour. They lived apart from 1912 when she devoted more time to the Labor Party and her literary activities. She was made a Dame of the Empire in 1937. We see her image every day but can we recognise her? She is on the $10 note! A third cemetery is for the Afghan miners and camel drivers from the 19th century. All graves point towards Mecca of course. Mary Kathleen Museum. The Museum has water bottles from the Burke and Wills expedition and memorabilia about the Mary Kathleen uranium mine of the 1950s. It also has a rock and mineral display and local history photographs. Robert Burke and Dr William Wills. The famous 1861 expedition attempted to cross Australia from Melbourne to the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north. The impetuous and bad tempered Burke headed the expedition. The expedition cost over £60,000 and cost 7 lives. He established a base camp on Coopers Creek leaving 4 men there whilst he 3 others headed off with supplies for 12 weeks to cross outback QLD to the Gulf and return through the summer months to Coopers Creek. It took 16 weeks to reach the gulf and 3 of the 4 return to Coopers Creek but the base camp had been abandoned by then. The others had left the Coopers camp that very day. Burke chose not to follow the others but to head towards Mt Hopeless leaving a mark on a tree to indicate they had been there. The party that went south returned but missed the dig tree sign. They left again and headed south again. Burke failed to reach Mt Hopeless return to the Coopers Creek camp and died there. Only King who lived to be saved by accepting help from the local Aboriginal people. Basically Burke died because of his stubbornness and refusal to seek help from the Aboriginals. Other search parties to trying to find Burke and Wills in western QLD such as William Landsborough found the Mitchell grasslands and opened up the Longreach to Mt Isa area for pastoralism. The actual dig tree site was near Thargomindah in western QLD, south of Birdsville. John Flynn Place Museum. This interesting complex of galleries and, gardens and museums was opened as a bi-centenary event in 1988. It documents the founding of the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the work of John Flynn. This is complemented with a fine art collection. John Flynn lived 1880 to 1951. He was a Presbyterian minister. He became head of the Presbyterian Australia Inland Missions working in the outback across SA, NT and QLD and WA. In 1911 he established a nursing hostel in Oodnadatta. After years of work and promotion and fund raising he established in Cloncurry in 1928 the Aerial Medical Service. He had previously established nursing centres at Port Augusta, Oodnadatta, Port Hedland, Broome, Pine Creek near Alice Springs and Cloncurry. Whilst doing this he increased his nursing staff from one to 23 nurses so he had infrastructure in place for the aerial medical service by 1923. He made sure from 1911 that his nursing stations and hospitals were open to Aboriginal people. In the early 1920s he started doing radio work and offering radio medical advice. By 1925 he was proposing the aerial medical crevice. His friendship with Sir Hudson Fysh the founder of Qantas helped him achieved his goal. On a personal level Flynn was devoted to his work and did not marry until 1932 at age 51 when he wed his devoted secretary. He was knighted and in 1942 his medical service was renamed the Flying Doctor Service. The Royal part was added in 1954 when Queen Elizabeth visited Australia. Flynn died of cancer in Sydney in 1951. His ashes were taken to Alice Springs and 5 years later the John Flynn Memorial Church was opened there. Historic Buildings. Few buildings have survived from the 19th century as most were of wood construction and they have nearly all suffered fires at some stage and then been rebuilt. The survivors are:1. The wooden Post Office which was erected in 1906 and replaced an earlier Post office erected in 1883. The very first post office to open in Cloncurry was in 1871 with the first gold and copper discoveries. The early mail service arrived by Cobb and Co coach from Townsville until the arrival of the train in 1907. This 1906 Post office includes a telegraph station and a separate post master’s residence. Like many QLD post offices it has a gable facade and twin porches to offer shade to those collecting their mail. Since 1906 the post office has been extended and the first telephone exchange opened here in 1912. A brick extension as built in 1954 and the structure is still the town PO. 2. The current Cloncurry Court House was erected in stages between 1897 and 1961. A police presence was established on the mine fields early to keep the peace. The first four police operated from tents in 1870. The town had a magistrate appointed in 1882 but there was no Court House. So in 1883 work was started on a Court House, police station and lock up. This was completed in 1885 but the first full court did not sit until 1900 after the major construction of the court room in 1897. The Court House was a rectangular two roomed building with wide verandas on all four sides. The Court Rom was doubled in size in 1907. Minor alterations continued over many years until 1961 when a new four roomed wing was attached to the original court house. Cloncurry Court still operates. 3. Façade only of Post Office Hotel is classified by the QLD National Trust. Originally the Union hotel was on this site in the 1880s but it was renamed as the Post Office Hotel in 1901 and then it was rebuilt in 1908. Unfortunately the hotel burned down in 1914 and was rebuilt again. Yet another fire destroyed the hotel in 1931 and it had to be rebuilt again. The façade appears to date from the 1914 construction. Temperatures. Cloncurry holds the official highest recorded temperature for Australia. It reached 53.1 degrees ( 127.5 F) on 16 January 1889. This temperature was recorded not using a Stevenson Screen- the now accepted way for taking temperatures in all parts of the world. Consequently Cloncurry lost that claim to fame and Oodnadatta now has the Australia record highest temperature. It recorded 50.7 degrees on 2 January 1960. Despite this Cloncurry is still a very hot place in the summer months and it must have been extremely difficult for the early settlers with canvas homes, no power, no fans and obviously no air conditioning! Marble Bar in WA has the world record for the longest stretch of consecutive hot days- 161 days over 37.8 degrees ( ie 100F.) |
| 撮影日 | 2012-07-24 15:50:51 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
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| カメラ | DSC-S950 , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.033 sec (1/30) |
| 開放F値 | f/2.5 |