Langston Hughes : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Langston Hughes / dbking
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Former home of poet Langston Hughes 1749 S St. NWLangston Hughes (February 1, 1902 – May 22, 1967) was an American poet, novelist, playwright, and newspaper columnist.Hughes was born James Mercer Langston Hughes in Joplin, Missouri, the son of Carrie Langston Hughes, a teacher, and her husband, James Hughes. After a divorce, James Hughes left the United States for Mexico due to enduring racism. In Langston Hughes: An Introduction to the Poetry by Onwuchekwa Jemie, Hughes is quoted as saying his father, a black man, "despised Negroes." This distant relationship with his father heavily influenced his work. After the separation of his parents, young Langston was raised mainly by his grandmother Mary Langston, a longtime activist. He spent most of childhood in Lawrence, Kansas, and he began to write poetry when he was 13. His childhood was not a happy one, but it was one that heavily influenced the poet he would become. He lived with his by-then-remarried mother as an adolescent in Lincoln, Illinois; it was there that he discovered his love of books. Upon graduating from high school in 1919, Hughes spent a year in Mexico with his father, but he was unhappy there and often contemplated suicide. Hughes soon spent a year attending Columbia University, where he studied engineering. He then left school and joined the Navy as a ship's steward, traveling to West and Central Africa and Europe. In New York City on May 22, 1967, Hughes died from complications after abdominal surgery related to prostate cancer at the age of 65.On the issue of the sexual orientation of Hughes, academics and biographers generally agree that Hughes was gay and included gay codes into many of his poems similar in manner to Walt Whitman and most patently in his short story, Blessed Assurance. The main biographer of Hughes determined that Hughes exhibited a preference for other African American men in his work and life.As Hughes got better at poetry, his father got more and more disappointed. His father didn't think he would be able to make a living at writing, and encouraged him to pursue a more practical career. He paid his son's tuition to Columbia University on the grounds he study engineering. After a short time, Langston dropped out of the program with a B+ average; all the while he continued writing poetry.Like many writers of the post-WWI era, such as Ernest Hemingway and Gertrude Stein, Hughes spent time in Paris during the early 1920s, and became part of the community in Paris known as the "Lost Generation." For most of 1924 he lived at 15 Rue de Nollet. In November 1924 Hughes moved to Washington D.C. His first book of poetry, The Weary Blues, was published in 1926. In 1929 he graduated from Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, a historically Black institution. In 1930, his first novel, Not Without Laughter, won the Harmon gold medal for literature. Hughes was influenced by other American poets, namely Paul Laurence Dunbar, Carl Sandburg, and Walt Whitman. From the 1920s to the 1960s, Hughes wrote works that showed an insightful view into the lives of blacks in America.Hughes received a B.A. degree from Lincoln University in 1929, and was awarded a Lit.D. in 1943. He taught at a number of colleges. He wrote novels, short stories, plays, poetry, operas, essays, works for children, and two autobiographies, as well as translating several works of literature into English. Much of his writing was inspired by the blues and jazz of that era; an example is "Harlem" (sometimes called "Dream Deferred") from Montage of a Dream Deferred (1951), from which a line was taken for the title of the play Raisin in the Sun.What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? Hughes' life and work were enormously influential for the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s. His poetry and fiction centered on the lives of blacks in America, lives he portrayed as full of struggle, joy, laughter, and music. Much of Hughes' poetry tries to capture the rhythms of blues music, the music he believed to be the true expression of the black spirit. He received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1935. In 1960, the NAACP awarded Hughes the Spingarn Medal for distinguished achievements by an African American. Hughes was inducted into the National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1961. In 1973, the first Langston Hughes Medal was awarded by the City College of New York.Hughes, like many black writers and artists of his time, was drawn to the promise of Communism as an alternative to a segregated America. Many of his lesser-known political writings have recently been collected in two volumes published by the University of Missouri Press. Hughes traveled extensively to the Soviet Union, including parts usually closed to Westerners, and also in Central Asia. Hughes' poetry was frequently published in the CPUSA’s newspaper and he was involved in initiatives supported by Communist organizations, such as the drive to free the Scottsboro Boys and support of the Spanish Republic. Hughes was also involved in other Communist-led organizations like the John Reed Clubs and the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, even though he was more of a sympathizer than an active participant. He signed a statement in 1938 supporting Joseph Stalin's purges and joined the American Peace Mobilization in 1940 working to keep the U.S. from participating in WWII.Hughes was accused of being a Communist by many on the political right, but he always denied it. When asked why he never joined the Communist Party, he wrote "it was based on strict discipline and the acceptance of directives that I, as a writer, did not wish to accept." He was called before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1953. Following his appearance, he distanced himself from Communism and was subsequently rebuked by some who had previously supported him on the Radical Left. |
| 撮影日 | 2006-03-10 16:32:40 |
| 撮影者 | dbking , Washington, DC |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL , Canon |
| 露出 | 0.002 sec (1/500) |
| 開放F値 | f/16.0 |
| 焦点距離 | 55 mm |