Latrobe Gate entrance to Washington Navy Yard - 2013-09-17 : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Latrobe Gate entrance to Washington Navy Yard - 2013-09-17 / Tim Evanson
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-継承 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Looking southeast at the Latrobe Gate of the Washington Navy Yard in Washington, D.C.The District of Columbia was established in 1799. As the seat of the federal government, Congress felt it important to have the Army and Navy establish headquarters in the city to encourage it to grow. At the time, the Potomac River was a very important waterway -- not only for trade, but because its mouth was at the mouth of the all-important Chesapeake Bay through which any invader would have to move.The Navy Yard was established the same year as the city, but it wasn't until 1802 that any facilities were built. Benjamin Henry Latrobe, a Philadelphia-based architect, was a close friend of President Thomas Jefferson's. Jefferson commissioned Latrobe to design these facilities, but his plans were rejected by Congress as being too grandiose. Latrobe was appointed Surveyor of the Public Buildings of the United States and superintendent of construction of the United States Capitol in 1803. The following year he was appointed a chief engineer in the United States Navy.It was in this latter capacity that Latrobe designed this main gate for the Navy Yard. The Greek Revival style was chosen for the gate not only because it symbolized democracy but also the permanence of the new federal government. Latrobe's gate consists only of the central carriage passageway, and the two pedestrian gates on either side of it. Two Doric columns act as the separator between the carriageway and the pedestrian gates. Square columns, inset with anchors, stand on the outer edge of the gate.Visible here is the north side of the gate. Originally, a frieze topped by a parapet ran along the top of the gate. A bas-relief of an eagle grasping an anchor, carved by Giuseppi Franzoni, was mounted on the frieze in 1806. Inset in each pylon was a rectangular panel with an anchor design carved in bas-relief. Separate iron gates opened between each column and its neighboring pylon to regulate pedestrian traffic.Not visible here is the southern facade, which is not square (like the north side) but consists of rounded arches. An architrave and parapet ran along the south side too. Altogether, Latrobe's gate is some 20 feet deep. Between the parapets was a hipped roof, and to the east and west were one-story brick guardhouses.Originally, the Latrobe gate was red brick. A second story was added to each guardhouse in 1823, but the bricks were of a different color than the originals. To cover this up, the gate was painted white in 1830.In 1880, a Marine barracks was constructed around and over the Main Gate. This was the first Marine barracks in the city. The guardhouses were first demolished. The parapet, frieze, eagle sculpture, and hipped roof over the Latrobe gate were removed and two stories of a building with an attic covered by a pitched roof constructed on top. On either side of the gate, a four-story strongly projecting tower (with a double-bay) was also built. Next to the towers were three-story structures three bays wide, followed by another slightly projecting tower (double-bay in width).These new buildings were Victorian in design, with both Neoclassical and Italianate elements. Square pilasters (fake columns) divide the bays over the central building atop the gate, and mark the corners of the other structures. The ground floor of all the new buildings is rusticated (carved to look like stone, and painted with paint mixed with sand to mimic the appearance of rock).The southern facade of the gate (not visible here) looks almost like the northern facade, although it lacks the pediments (triangular shapes) over the central gate and side buildings. In the 1940s, clapboard porches were added to the south facade at first, second, and third floors -- masking much of the original 1880 detail. |
| 撮影日 | 2013-09-17 15:13:50 |
| 撮影者 | Tim Evanson , Cleveland Heights, Ohio, USA |
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| カメラ | NIKON D7100 , NIKON CORPORATION |
| 露出 | 0.008 sec (1/125) |
| 開放F値 | f/13.0 |
| 焦点距離 | 24 mm |